Frederick ballot



(No Model.)

F. BALLIN.

LUCK.

No. 297,660. Patented Apr. 29, 1884.

N. PETERS. Fnuxlimugmpher. wnshingmn. D. cv

3o place.

4o tumbler, showing key in section.

o. dinary manner.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK BALLIN, s or nETEoIT, MICHIGAN.

LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 297,660, dated April29, 1884.

I Application filed October 22, 1883. (No model.)

To all w/wm it may concern/.e

Be it known that I, FREDERICK BALLIN, of Detroit, in the county of Wayneand State of Michigan, have invented new and useful Im- 5 provements inDoor-Locks;` and I do hereby declare that the following is a full,clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, which forma part of this specication.

This invention relates toy certain new and useful improvements indoor-locks; and the invention consists in the peculiar construction f ahollow spindle which carries the lockingtumblers, said tumblers beingactuated by means of a key inserted throughthe spindle,

and in the peculiar construction, arrangement, and various combinationsof the parts, all as more fully hereinafter set forth.

Figure l is lan elevation of a rim-lock detached from the door andwithspindle broken offv close above the tumblers. Fig. 2 is a secr tionof the line x y, Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a Vertical section through the lockand door on the axis of the spindle. Fig. 4'is an elevation of thespindle detached from the lock, showing the spring by which the tumblersare held in their position and to prevent accidental displacement. Fig.4" -is a sectionV through the spindle, showing how the tumblers are heldiu Fig. 5 is a longitudinal central section through tumblers adapted tobe actuated from either side. Figs. 6 and 7 are views of two differentkeys-the keyv 6 for the tumblers shown in Fig. 5, and the key 7 for thetum- 3 5 blers shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 8 shows two crosssections on theline a o and o w, respectively, in Fig. 4, Fig. 9 is a cross-section online r s in Fig. 4". Fig. 10 is a cross-section on line t u, Fig. 5.Fig. l1 is an end View of the Fig. 12 shows arrangement of lock-casewherein my invention is applied in the construction of a mortise-lock.

In the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specieation, Wrepresents the lock-case, and W the back plate thereof, which inclosethe operating parts of the lock. A represents the bolt, which is keptin-Lits eX- tended position bythe spring S, as in the or- This bolt A isprovided with a leg or arm, A', which operates in conjunction with thetumblers to prevent the turn ing ofthe spindle, as hereinafterdescribed.

T represents the spindle of my lock, and is hollow its entire length,and receives upon each end a knob, K, to which they are remov- .ablysecured in any convenient manner, and

adapted to turn the spindle when the latter is notlocked, as hereinafterstated.

Upon the spindle I secure the tumbler-lever B, by Ameans of which thebolt A is retracted upon the turning of the spindle. C C are thelocking-tumblers, which project through a slot, a, in the spindle. Thetumbler C is provided with a solid pintle, C, which fits loosely in thespindle, and has its end so formed as to register in the ,end of thekey. This pintle carries a pin, C, which ts loosely in the hollow pintleCW of the tumbler C'. The ends of this pin and pintle are likewise madeto register conjointly with the key. s

In order to keepA the locking-tumblers in their adjusted positions andto prevent their accidental displacement, I place a spring, O, in alongitudinal channel on the outer face of the spindle, and between itand the tumbler B. 1 The ends of this spring are bent inwardly andproject through holes in the pintle, so as to engage with yrecesses ornotches in the respective pintles of the tumblers.

In the end of each knob I secure aislotted disk, U, through which thekey is inserted in the spindle.

In the construction above described, by inserting the key from theinside, (or lock side fand in consequence both pintles and theirvrespective tumblers will in turning the key be partially rotated,bringing the free ends ofthe tumblers in rear of the arm orleg A'l ofthebolt, being held to suchV position by the spring'O, and thus prevent theturning of the spindle and a retraction of the bolt. `hen so locked, itcannot be unlocked from the outside, as the key inserted from that endoperatesV but one pintle and tumbler,leavin g the other stillin itslocked position; but, on the other hand, if locked from the outside, itcan be unlocked from the inside. y

If desired, but one tumbler may be used,

IOO

each end of its pintle being adapted to register with the key; or bothtumblers may be so formed as to be operated from either side,one form ofso doing being shown in Fig. 5, wherein the pintle of the tumbler C isprovided with a leg or spur, which projects back and registers,inconnection with the corresponding end of the pintlc C, with the key.

To adapt this construction toa mortise-lock provision must be madeforinsert-ing the spindle and tumblers, .after the lock has been secured toplace, in the door; and this I accomplish by cutting away a portion ofthe back plate of the lock and making a proper opening in thecorresponding side of the door, through which the tumblers and spindlemay be inserted, being retained in place by a cap, I, as shown in Fig.I2, while the opening in the door is covered by the rose.

In Fig. I I show a spring, Y, for retaining the locking-tumblers intheir adjusted posi'- tions, which may be used instead of the spring O,if desired.

To insert the pintles, with their tumblers, into the spindle of thelock, I cut away aportion of the spindle,leaving an oriice sufficientlylarge through which to insert the pintles, with their tumblersprojecting downward. After this has been done, I solder the piece againto place, leaving the s lot hereinbefore described, through which thetumblers project and have an easy movement, to be operated by the key;and in this construction I avoid al1 possible danger of the pintles andtumblers becoming lost or detached.

In Fig. 3 I show guards It as projecting into the spindle upon theoutside ofthe door, which is designed to register with the edges of theiat key employed, and thus give greater security against the picking ofthe lock by the insertion of a wrong key, even should such key registerwith the pintles upon its end.

rlhe method of securing the knobs, particularly in mortise-loeks, that Iprefer is to form the channel in which the spring O rests the entirelength of the spindle, the knobs being secured to the roses, as shown inFig. 3, so that they can turn readily without imparting any movementorstrain upon the roses, while upon the inside of the shanks of theknobs I form o1' rigidly secure a feather, which is designed to fit intothis recess, the knob being held to place upon the spindle merely by thescrews which secure it to the door; hence in pulling upon the knob toforcibly open the door suoli strain is brought entirely upon the doorand rose without bringing any strain whatever upon the spindle and theoperating parts of the lock.

I am aware of the Patent No. 258,986, and make no claim to theconstruction showll therein.

Vhat I claim as my invention is- 1. In a lock provided with a hollowspindle, two tumblers, the pintles of which are inelosed within saidspindle, and constructed and arranged substantially as specified,whereby the insertion of a key into one end of said spindle actuates both ofsaid tumblers, while by inserting the same in the other or opposite endonly one of such tuinblers can be operated, substantially as and for thepurpose set forth.

2. In a lock, and in combination with the hollow spindle thereof, thetumblers C C, the latter being provided with a solid pintle upon oneside anda pin upon the other, said pin passing through the hollow pintleof the tumbler C', substantially as set forth.

3. In combination with the two tumblers C C, provided with pintleshaving depressions or indentations, and hollow spindle T, havingopenings coincident with said depressions in said pintles, and providedwith a longitudinal groove on its outer face, the spring O, seated insaid groove, with its ends projecting through said openings in thespindle and engaging with said pintles to prevent their displacement, asset forth.

4. In combination with the hollow spindle T, having a longitudinalgroove and openings, as described, and tumblers C C, provided withpintles having depressions coincident with said openings, the spring O,seated in the said groove and held therein by the tuinbler sleeved 011said spindle, the ends of said spring being in engagement with the saidpintles, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

FRED. BALLIN. Vitiiesscs:

I-I. S. SrRAGUn, E. IV. ANDREws.

